Cat FIP Injection GS-441524 20mg/mL 5.5mL CAS 1191237-69-0

Cat FIP Injection GS-441524 20mg/mL 5.5mL CAS 1191237-69-0

Product Description

GS-441524 is a nucleoside analogue antiviral drug which became advanced with the aid of using Gilead Sciences. It is the primary plasma metabolite of the antiviral prodrug remdesivir, and has a half-existence of round 24 hours in human patients. Remdesivir and GS-441524 had been each located to be powerful in vitro in opposition to tom cat coronavirus traces liable for tom cat infectious peritonitis (FIP), a deadly systemic ailment affecting home cats. Remdesivir became in no way examined in cats (aleven though a few vets now provide it), however GS-441524 has been located to be powerful remedy for FIP and is extensively used regardless of no authentic FDA approval because of Gilead's refusal to license this drug for veterinary use.

What is FIP?

Neurogenic Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a serious disease in cats caused by mutations in the common feline intestinal (gut) coronavirus (FeCoV). The mutation allows the otherwise trivial virus to enter intestinal macrophages (a type of immune system cell) and hitch a ride to other parts of the body, infecting the abdominal cavity, chest cavity, eyes and certain parts of the gastrointestinal tract to escape the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. Example, the brain. Normally, the feline immune system prevents clinical FIP, but in some cats infected with intestinal FeCoV, the immune system is unable to eliminate the infection and the development of clinical FIP can have devastating consequences.

Over 30% of pet cats and over 80% of breeding cats have been exposed to FeCoV (the relatively harmless intestinal form).

While the relatively harmless enteric coronavirus (FeCoV) is highly transmissible among cats, the mutated form of FIP itself does not infect other cats, and feline coronaviruses are different from the human coronaviruses that cause COVID-19.

Clinical symptoms of FIP

Cats with clinical FIP will show a range of clinical signs, such as:

(1) Fever not responding to antibiotics
(2) Fluid in the abdominal and/or chest cavity
(3) Palpable swollen lymph nodes in the abdomen
(4) Symmetrical changes in pupil or eye color
(5) Neurological signs (brain infection)
Clinical signs depend on whether the cat has an exudative or "wet" form of FIP or a non-exudative or "dry" form of FIP, although there is often a combination of wet and dry forms known as "mixed wet and dry" FIP.

Dry FIP is often more difficult to diagnose because there is no apparent fluid-filled body cavity to sample, but rather a focal (eg, bowel or kidney) or multiple site (eg, abdominal cavity, brain) pus granuloma formation.

Use and research

Since FIP is commonly deadly and there aren't anyt any permitted remedies available, GS-441524 has reportedly been offered at the black marketplace and utilized by puppy proprietors to deal with affected cats, despite the fact that Gilead Sciences has refused to license the drug for veterinary use. Its efficacy for this cause has been conclusively proven in more than one trials, together with discipline trials,or even in greater complex sorts of FIP together with people with multisystemic or neurological involvement.

GS-441524 is both just like or stronger than remdesivir in opposition to SARS-CoV-2 in mobileular subculture,[8] with a few researchers arguing that GS-441524 might be higher than remdesivir for the remedy of COVID-19.Specific benefits stated encompass ease of synthesis, decrease kidney and hepatotoxicity, in addition to capacity for oral delivery (that is precluded of remdesivir due to terrible hepatic balance and primary byskip metabolism). The public fitness advocacy group, Public Citizen, in an open letter advised the DHHS and Gilead to analyze GS-441524 for the remedy of COVID-19, suggesting that GILEAD become now no longer doing so for economic reasons associated with the longer highbrow belongings lifespan of Remdesivir. Direct efficacy in opposition to SARS-CoV-2 become proven in a mouse version of COVID-19. A deuterium changed model of GS-441524 has been produced and has proven pre-medical efficacy in each mobileular subculture and mouse fashions through a group together with individuals of Wuhan Institute of Virology.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

GS-441524 nucleoside is phosphorylated with the aid of using nucleoside kinases (likely adenosine kinase (ADK), that is the enzyme that phosphorylates the structurally comparable ribavirin), after which phosphorylated once more with the aid of using nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (NDK) to the energetic nucleotide triphosphate form. The triphosphate of GS-441524, GS-443902, is likewise the bioactive anti-viral agent generated with the aid of using remdesivir, however is generated with the aid of using a extraordinary biochemical mechanism from the later.

Mechanism of action

Intracellular triple-phosphorylation of GS-441524 yields its energetic 1'-cyano-substituted adenosine triphosphate analogue, which immediately disrupts viral RNA replication with the aid of using competing with endogenous NTPs for incorporation into nascent viral RNA transcripts and triggering not on time chain termination of RNA-structured RNA polymerase.

Tolerance

In vitro experiments in Crandell Rees pussycat kidney (CRFK) cells observed GS-441524 become safe at a hundred µM concentrations, a hundred instances the dose powerful at inhibiting FIPV replication in cultured CRFK cells and inflamed macrophages. Clinical trials in cats imply the drug is well-tolerated, with the number one aspect impact being dermal inflammation from the acidity of the injection mix.

Some researchers suggesting its software as a remedy for COVID-19 have mentioned benefits over remdesivir, which include loss of on-goal liver toxicity, longer half-lifestyles and exposure (AUC) and plenty inexpensive and less difficult synthesis.

FAQ

Q: What is GS441?

A: GS is short for GS which is an experimental anti-viral drug (nucleoside analog) that has cured cats with FIP in field .
It is currently available as an injection or an oral medication although the oral version is still not widely available yet. Please checking with Julia for the details!

Q: How long is the treatment?
A: Recommended treatment based on Niche Petcare is a minimum of 12 weeks of daily sub-cutaneous injections.
Bloodwork should be checked at the end of 12 weeks and cat's symptoms should be assessed to see if additional treatment is needed.

Q: What is the correct dose of GS441 to give my kitty?
A: Dosing is based on the weight of the cat.
If you love math, the formula to calculate is:
5mg*(GS) x weight(kg) / GS concentration per 1mL**=dose per 24hr
*Neurological and Ocular FIP cats require 8mg/kg MINIMUM.
Can go as high as 10mg/kg for extreme ocular or neurological cases.
*GS concentration per 1ml = total GS in bottle (mg) / total solution volume (mL)

Q: What exactly are "neuro" or "ocular" cases?
A: "Neuro" cat means that FIP has crossed the blood brain barrier and symptoms include central nervous system issues. Ataxia (weakness in my back legs especially), inability to jump fully without hesitation, lack of coordination and seizures may occur. Ocular involvement, which is common with the neurological form since the eyes and brain are closely connected

Q: What are the details with the oral treatment?
A: Oral Pills:
Dosage is 1 pill equals 10mg .
Neuro dosage: Please contact us for dosage. We would have to calculate and itdepends on all different cases.
Price is $8 per pill.

Q: What size syringes and needles do I need?
A: Depending on what your cat's dose is, you can used either a 1 mL or a 3 mL syringe. Use a 20 gauge needle to draw up the GS into the syringe and then it's best to CHANGE the needle to a fresh one of the same size OR SLIGHTLY SMALLER (21 or 22 gauge) to inject. The GS liquid is somewhat thick and a larger needle allows it to be drawn up and injected faster. The LENGTH of needle can be anywhere from 1/2" to 1 1/2" in length. It's a bit of a personal preference. Some usethe longer needles to try and avoid any GS leaking out, some are more comfortable injecting with a shorter needle. You DEFINITELY want Luer-lock needles so they can be secured to the syringes and not pop off.
A NOTE ON NEEDLE GAUGE SIZES: The number used to describe the circumference or "width" of the needle opening gets larger as the size of the opening gets smaller. For example, an 18 gauge needle has a larger opening than a 21 gauge needle.

Q: How do I give the GS441 injections?

A: The injections are given sub-cutaneously or "sub-cu" which means just under the skin. Injections are to be given every 24 hours at as close to the same time everyday as is possible for at least 12 weeks. The needle should NOT poke into the muscle of the cat. The GS stings upon injection but the pain is over as soon as the injection is over. There are several helpful videos that our members have posted showing how they inject and also many on YouTube. It's best to have your vet do the first injection or two and to teach you how to do them. Kitties that are more difficult to restrain for the shots may require daily trips to the vet.

Q: What are the side effects of GS441?
A: The only known side effects of GS are pain during injections and the possibility of skin lesions forming at the injection sites.

Q: My kitty is on GS and now has diarrhea. What should I do?
A: We recommend giving B-12, bland food and a probiotic. Pumpkin puree is also okay to give. Fortiflora or Proviable are two probiotics. If the cat seems to be getting dehydrated, giving sub-cutaneous fluids is okay

Q: Should I continue to use flea/tick treatment for my FIP kitty during treatment?
A: No. Do not use Revolution, Frontline or other chemical flea/tick treatments while on FIP treatment. The biggest part of treating for fleas is the environment. Vacuum daily (floors, closets, bedding, anything the cats come in contact with) and wash all bedding. You can flea comb your cat daily to remove fleas. You can make a mixture of water and apple cider vinegar (2:1) to apply on a cloth and wipe onto your cat daily so the fleas don't want to be on her. Revolution is one of the moresafe options, but I would hesitate to combine it with GS for fear of affecting the GS being able to have full effect.

Q: How long after completing FIP treatment should I wait to spay/neuter my cat?
A: 3 months.